Afrique

Das Tempo, mit dem internationale Entwicklungsdebatten und entwicklungspolitische Leitbilder wegbrechen, ist hoch. Die AfD will das Entwicklungshilfeministerium abschaffen. Die Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit soll schrumpfen, die Nord-Süd-Kommission eine neue Rolle für Deutschland definieren.

Why do some firms experience more volatile growth rates than others? This paper seeks to shed light on this question using a rich data set of almost 92,000 Vietnamese firms for the period 2009–2018. Apart from firm-level characteristics, the paper examines the roles of province-level financial development, corruption control, and their interaction in explaining firm growth volatility. Our results show that there is a robust negative correlation between corruption control and firm-level volatility. Moreover, while local financial development — measured by financial depth — is generally negatively associated with volatility, the correlation between financial outreach and different measures of firm growth volatility varies. Crucially, we find a negative interaction between corruption control and local financial development, suggesting that financial development may exert a more substantial volatility-dampening effect in environments with robust corruption control, and conversely, that the effect of corruption control may be stronger in provinces with advanced level of financial development.

Why do some firms experience more volatile growth rates than others? This paper seeks to shed light on this question using a rich data set of almost 92,000 Vietnamese firms for the period 2009–2018. Apart from firm-level characteristics, the paper examines the roles of province-level financial development, corruption control, and their interaction in explaining firm growth volatility. Our results show that there is a robust negative correlation between corruption control and firm-level volatility. Moreover, while local financial development — measured by financial depth — is generally negatively associated with volatility, the correlation between financial outreach and different measures of firm growth volatility varies. Crucially, we find a negative interaction between corruption control and local financial development, suggesting that financial development may exert a more substantial volatility-dampening effect in environments with robust corruption control, and conversely, that the effect of corruption control may be stronger in provinces with advanced level of financial development.

Das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie hat den Leiter der Abteilung Unternehmen und Märkte im DIW Berlin, Tomaso Duso, für weitere vier Jahre in die Monopolkommission berufen. Er ist seit 2022 Mitglied und seit September 2024 Vorsitzender des Gremiums. Zudem ist er Professor für empirische ...

Karen Hallberg

By Karen Hallberg
TOKYO, Japan, Jul 10 2026 (IPS)

Eighty years since the dawn of the nuclear age, which began with the first nuclear test in New Mexico, USA, and with the tragic atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, humanity faces a deep existential crisis. This crisis is much more unstable and unpredictable than the gravest Cold War confrontations. In 1955, when there were only three states with nuclear weapons and the first thermonuclear weapon was being developed, the Russell-Einstein Manifesto posed a profound question: “Shall we put an end to the human race; or shall mankind renounce war?” Today, with 9 states possessing nuclear weapons and several thousand thermonuclear devices, this question becomes an ultimate choice.

The Pugwash Conferences is deeply concerned about the deterioration of the international system, in which the threat and use of force has become preferable to diplomacy. Current military confrontations involving nuclear-weapon states pose an existential risk to civilization, a risk that can be drastically increased by a new wave of nuclear proliferation.

With the expiration of the New START between the United States and the Russian Federation, the international community has officially entered an era without a binding, verifiable agreement to constrain the world’s two largest nuclear arsenals. For the first time in more than fifty years, dating back to the era of the 1972 SALT I, the two preeminent nuclear powers are operating without the essential guardrails that provided control, stability, predictability and transparency to the global order and were instrumental in reducing the total number of nuclear warheads from around 70,000 in the mid-eighties to current ~12,200 (or a yield larger than 146,000 Hiroshima-bombs equivalent!). However, despite historic progress in reducing 9 global nuclear stockpiles, the current trajectory suggests a troubling reversal of those hard-won security gains in times of a resurgent nuclear arms race, heightened global tensions and military confrontations involving nuclear-armed states.

The ongoing expansion and modernization of the nuclear arsenals of most nuclear-armed states is adding new pressures to global strategic stability, particularly in the absence of any arms control dialogue. These developments reflect the growing salience of nuclear weapons in international security, undermining global non-proliferation and disarmament efforts, in particular, Art. VI of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which has definitely constrained the spread of nuclear weapons for more than half a century and is now under severe strain.

At the same time, the growing support for the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons reflects the determination of many states and civil society actors to advance the goal of the complete abolition of nuclear weapons. While differences remain regarding pathways to disarmament, the Treaty has reinforced the humanitarian imperative of eliminating nuclear weapons and has helped keep the vision of a nuclear-weapon-free world firmly on the international agenda.

Recent discussions about extending nuclear deterrence arrangements within Europe to additional non-nuclear-weapon states, together with emerging political voices advocating in favor of nuclear weapons in East Asia and other regions, risk igniting a new, uncontrollable wave of proliferation to safeguard their own survival.

Equally troubling are irresponsible threats by some nuclear-weapon states to resume nuclear testing. Such rhetoric contributes to a potentially dangerous escalation and threatens the continuation of the longstanding moratorium on nuclear explosive testing established in anticipation of the entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, which still awaits ratification by key states.

The current situation poses great challenges ahead, which can and should be addressed immediately, without delay:

– Nuclear-weapon states should reconfirm their Joint Statement issued on January 2022 on preventing nuclear war and avoiding a nuclear arms race sending a clear signal on the political will to the diminish the role played by nuclear weapons in international security. In doing so, they would also reaffirm their obligations under Article VI of the NPT, which commits all parties to pursue negotiations in good faith toward ending the nuclear arms race and achieving nuclear disarmament. 10

– Nuclear-armed states must recognize their responsibility to identify areas of common interest and engage in serious diplomatic efforts aimed at revitalizing multilateral arms control negotiations.

– All nuclear-armed states should reiterate their voluntary commitment to a moratorium on nuclear explosive testing and take the necessary steps to secure the prompt entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Any resumption of nuclear testing would represent a dangerous step toward renewed arms racing and strategic instability.

– Nuclear-armed states should strengthen negative security assurances by reaffirming that they will neither use nor threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-armed states, adopt no-first-use commitments, and work toward making these assurances legally binding.

– Strengthening the verification and monitoring role of the International Atomic Energy Agency will remain essential for ensuring compliance transparency, and confidence within the global non-proliferation regime, including non-nuclear-weapon states.

– Consolidate nuclear weapons free zones, in particular establish one in the Middle East, as agreed at the 1995 and 2010 NPT Review Conferences.

These measures could serve as practical confidence-building and risk-reduction steps, helping to increase global stability and preventing a spiraling “nuclear breakout”. They could also serve as a diplomatic bridge towards a more cooperative, comprehensive and modernized future security architecture capable of addressing modern challenges including artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, hypersonic weapons, missile defense systems, space-based military capabilities and autonomous weapons.

Raising public and political awareness of the existential risks posed by nuclear weapons is of utmost importance, as stated in the recent Declaration of the Nobel Laureate Assembly , “we call on scientists, academics, civil society, and communities of faith to help create the necessary pressure on global leaders to implement nuclear risk reduction measures.“ The responsibility lies with us all. Let us be inspired and guided by the closing words of the Russell-Einstein Manifesto: “We appeal as human beings to human beings: remember your humanity, and forget the rest.”

This text was contributed as the foreword to the Annual Report of a media project “Toward the World without Nuclear Weapons” promoted by INPS Japan in partnership with Soka Gakkai International. The report compiles project articles published between April 2025 and March 2026.

Note: This article is brought to you by IPS Noram in collaboration with INPS Japan and Soka Gakkai International in consultative status with ECOSOC.

 

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Excerpt:

Prof. Karen Hallberg Secretary General, Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs

Cattle ranching drives approximately 78% of Amazon deforestation, yet research often overlooks the differentiated actors and power relations underlying this process. Among 335 articles examining cattle ranching dynamics in the Amazon, this narrative literature review identified 36 studies that enable systematic analysis of the actors, interactions, and logics driving cattle-induced deforestation, in this case through a political ecology framework informed by the coloniality of power perspective. Four main actors occupy distinct positions in territorial appropriation: smallholders function as precarious frontier agents through forced migration and socioeconomic vulnerability; large landowners concentrate land via capital accumulation and institutional capture; investors treat Amazonian land as speculative assets; and armed actors provide coercive enforcement for illegal appropriation. These actors interact asymmetrically through exploitative partnerships, labor arrangements including modern slavery, and institutional capture, enabling wealth concentration. Two contradictory deforestation logics emerge: capital accumulation through cattle laundering, land speculation, and the purchase of improvements from displaced smallholders, versus livelihood reproduction, where structural exclusion forces continuous frontier expansion. The analysis reveals cattle-driven deforestation as a structured dispossession process reproducing colonial patterns, where large landowners deforest disproportionately despite dominant narratives blaming peasant poverty. Critical gaps perpetuate this misunderstanding: Brazilian geographic bias limits pan-Amazonian perspectives, inconsistent smallholder definitions enable elite policy capture, and aggregate studies obscure the agency and power asymmetries driving dispossession. Effective conservation thus requires dismantling structural configurations that enable asymmetric resource appropriation rather than technical interventions treating actors homogeneously.

Cattle ranching drives approximately 78% of Amazon deforestation, yet research often overlooks the differentiated actors and power relations underlying this process. Among 335 articles examining cattle ranching dynamics in the Amazon, this narrative literature review identified 36 studies that enable systematic analysis of the actors, interactions, and logics driving cattle-induced deforestation, in this case through a political ecology framework informed by the coloniality of power perspective. Four main actors occupy distinct positions in territorial appropriation: smallholders function as precarious frontier agents through forced migration and socioeconomic vulnerability; large landowners concentrate land via capital accumulation and institutional capture; investors treat Amazonian land as speculative assets; and armed actors provide coercive enforcement for illegal appropriation. These actors interact asymmetrically through exploitative partnerships, labor arrangements including modern slavery, and institutional capture, enabling wealth concentration. Two contradictory deforestation logics emerge: capital accumulation through cattle laundering, land speculation, and the purchase of improvements from displaced smallholders, versus livelihood reproduction, where structural exclusion forces continuous frontier expansion. The analysis reveals cattle-driven deforestation as a structured dispossession process reproducing colonial patterns, where large landowners deforest disproportionately despite dominant narratives blaming peasant poverty. Critical gaps perpetuate this misunderstanding: Brazilian geographic bias limits pan-Amazonian perspectives, inconsistent smallholder definitions enable elite policy capture, and aggregate studies obscure the agency and power asymmetries driving dispossession. Effective conservation thus requires dismantling structural configurations that enable asymmetric resource appropriation rather than technical interventions treating actors homogeneously.

Artificial intelligence is reshaping trade processes across Asia and the Pacific. However, despite growing interest, most economies have yet to deploy the technology at scale, according to a new study by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Credit: ESCAP

By ESCAP
BANGKOK, Thailand, Jul 10 2026 (IPS)

Artificial intelligence is reshaping trade processes across Asia and the Pacific. However, despite growing interest, most economies have yet to deploy the technology at scale, according to a new study by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

The Asia-Pacific Trade Facilitation Report 2026: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence in Trade Facilitation finds that AI implementation in trade facilitation stands below 15% among economies surveyed, with levels ranging from 1% to 40% across subregions.

AI is increasingly being used in customs and logistics systems across the region, including automated verification of shipping documents, machine learning tools to identify high-risk cargo and image analysis technologies used in border inspections. These applications can help reduce delays, improve compliance and strengthen supply chain resilience as economies face growing trade pressures and more complex regulations.

“The rapid development of AI and machine learning now signals yet another transformation, offering new opportunities to enhance efficiency, compliance, supply chain resilience and digital connectivity,” said Armida Salsiah Alisjahbana, United Nations Under-Secretary-General and Executive Secretary of ESCAP.

She added that this transformation is particularly significant as the current global trade landscape faces growing challenges, including geopolitical tensions, increasing regulatory and compliance requirements related to climate risks and sustainability, as well as a persistent digital divide across economies.

Shortages in AI-related skills remain the biggest barrier to wider adoption, followed by high infrastructure costs, fragmented data systems and regulatory uncertainty. While many economies have expanded digital trade systems, gaps remain in data integration, interoperability and operational readiness.

“It is critical to support developing economies in strengthening digital infrastructure, cross-border connectivity, interoperable systems and digital skills to harness the benefits of AI-enabled trade facilitation,” said Fatima Yasmin, Vice-President for Sectors and Themes, Asian Development Bank.

East Asia leads the region in AI readiness across operational deployment, governance frameworks and data quality, while Pacific economies continue to face the largest implementation challenges.

Launched at the Asia-Pacific Trade Facilitation Forum, the report calls for stronger investment in AI-related skills, integrated digital infrastructure and governance frameworks to support secure and efficient digital trade. It also highlights the importance of regional cooperation and cross-border interoperability as trade systems become increasingly data-driven.

For more information: https://www.unescap.org/kp/2026/asia-pacific-trade-facilitation-report-2026-harnessing-artificial-intelligence-trade

IPS UN Bureau

 

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Harry Kane et Erling Haaland, deux des meilleurs buteurs de leur génération, s'affrontent samedi à Miami pour une place en demi-finale de la Coupe du monde 2026. Favorite grâce à son effectif riche en talents, l'Angleterre devra néanmoins contenir un Haaland en état de grâce, auteur de sept buts en quatre matchs, dans un choc qui pourrait se jouer sur le talent de ses deux superstars.

Cameroon pledged to halve gender-based violence by 2026. That deadline has arrived, and the government has fallen far short. Credit: Shutterstock

By Stacey-Leigh Manuel
BLOOMFIELD, United States, Jul 9 2026 (IPS)

In Cameroon’s Far North region, Adiza, a 57-year-old woman had spent nearly three decades confined to her home by her husband. She was not allowed to leave, receive visitors, or speak with non-family members. When she disobeyed, he beat her.

Rosaline, a 44-year-old hairdresser in the southwestern region, went to work at her hair salon and found all her equipment  gone. Her husband of 16 years had sold everything and cancelled the lease without consulting her. He also sold  land they had jointly acquired.

These stories are not unique. While some laws exist to protect women, serious legal gaps and weak enforcement leave many women without protection.

A new Human Rights Watch new report, I Live in Constant Peril, examines the prevalence and dynamics of violence against women, particularly domestic violence, how it manifests as economic violence, and the structural discrimination that enables it.

Government awareness campaigns and rhetoric  are not enough. The government has failed to reform discriminatory laws, strengthen government institutions to prevent violence, or invest in public services that could help women escape abuse.

A law against domestic violence is essential but alone will not end that violence as long as the broader legal framework continues to grant husbands authority over their wives and treats men as the default owners of marital property.

The most recent official data was collected in 2018, but found that nearly 4 in 10 women and girls in Cameroon who had been in a relationship experienced physical, sexual, psychological and economic violence in their lifetime. The figure rises to 64 percent in Cameroon’s Centre Region, excluding Yaounde. In 2024 Government officials counted at least 77 women killed by current or former partners, and they believe the real number is higher. These figures do not reflect a country where violence against women is being taken seriously.

Cameroon’s Civil Code still designates husbands as the heads of household and primary administrators of marital property. Husbands have the right to decide the family’s place of residence and can stop their wives from seeking employment or running a business in the interest of the family.

In cases we documented,  one  husband told his wife to quit her job and asked her employer to fire her; multiple husbands ransacked and destroyed the businesses their wives had built themselves claiming the wife didn’t obtain their permission; some confiscated their wife’s earnings, or filled  their home with relatives, depleting any profit or savings from the wife’s business.

Women in long-term consensual relationships, commonly known as “cam we stay” or “viens on reste” in Cameroon, discovered that they had no legal protections, and when those relationships ended, that they had no legal standing .

A draft Family Code has remained stalled between ministries for more than 20 years without reaching the National Assembly. Completing it is not a question of complexity but of political will.

Women who report abuse encounter a fragmented system. Poor coordination between government agencies, police, courts and social services creates additional barriers to protection and justice.

Instead of receiving support, women are often told to reconcile, blamed for the abuse, or see cases dismissed when perpetrators have influence. Many stop reporting because they believe doing so will only increase the violence.

Leaving an abusive relationship is far harder for women who are economically dependent on their husbands. Most women in Cameroon work in the informal economy, often in low paid and insecure jobs without contracts and employment protections, while also carrying the bulk of unpaid care and household work. Social security coverage is extremely limited.

This lack of protection has serious consequences. Cameroon inaugurated its first One-Stop Centre for survivors of violence in Yaounde in 2025, but one center is insufficient.  Legal aid also remains difficult to access because of  lack of information, bureaucracy and delays, corruption risks, leaving many women without a safe path out of abuse.

Over the last 15 years, Cameroon has touted a commitment to reduce gender-based violence, with a 2022 target to cut it in half by 2026. That deadline is now. The government has not come close.

Cameroon pledged to halve gender-based violence by 2026. That deadline has arrived, and the government has fallen far short. It should urgently reform discriminatory laws, adopt the Family Code, establish a coordinated national response to domestic violence, and ensure women can access the services they need to live safely and independently.

Stacey-Leigh Manuel is deputy women’s rights director at Human Rights Watch

Die Monopolkommission hat heute ihr 26. Hauptgutachten dem Bundeswirtschaftsministerium übergeben. Tomaso Duso, Leiter der Abteilung Unternehmen und Märkte im DIW Berlin und Vorsitzender der Monopolkommission, äußert sich dazu wie folgt:

Die Probleme der deutschen Industrie lassen sich nicht mit immer neuen Einzelmaßnahmen lösen. Viele staatliche Eingriffe sind teuer und oft wirkungslos. Stattdessen braucht es starken Wettbewerb und Rahmenbedingungen, die Innovation ermöglichen. Wettbewerb sollte der Kompass für die Wirtschaftspolitik sein – in der Energiepolitik, bei der Förderung von Künstlicher Intelligenz sowie bei anderen Standortfaktoren. 

Deutschlands größte Industrieunternehmen wachsen, aber immer seltener in Deutschland. Besonders betroffen ist das verarbeitende Gewerbe. Dass große Industrieunternehmen ihre Wertschöpfung vermehrt im Ausland erzeugen und die Produktivität in Deutschland sinkt, ist ein Warnsignal. Deutschland muss als Standort wieder attraktiver werden. Dazu muss Wirtschaftspolitik Innovationen und neue Technologien fördern, statt auf überkommene Branchen zu setzen.

Die Monopolkommission empfiehlt den Abbau staatlich verursachter Energiekosten, die Stärkung des Technologietransfers aus der Forschung in die Anwendung und eine deutliche Entbürokratisierung. Subventionen für einzelne Branchen oder Unternehmen verzerren oft den Wettbewerb. Sie sollten nur dort eingesetzt werden, wo notwendige Investitionen sonst ausbleiben oder die Transformation der Wirtschaft nicht gelingt — und dann wettbewerbsoffen, transparent und befristet sein sowie regelmäßig evaluiert werden.

Deutschland hat etwa ein Labyrinth branchenspezifischer Stromhilfen aufgebaut: Strompreiskompensation, Industriestrompreissubventionen, Stromsteuersenkungen, Zuschüsse zu Netzentgelten. Es werden vor allem große Verbraucher begünstigt, während kleinere Unternehmen oft leer ausgehen. Die Monopolkommission empfiehlt stattdessen breite Entlastungen, etwa durch die Senkung staatlich geprägter Strompreisbestandteile und vor allem eine höhere Effizienz des gesamten Stromsystems. Hilfen für einzelne Branchen sollten auf eng begründete Ausnahmefälle beschränkt bleiben.

Auch die Anwendung von KI kommt in Deutschland nicht mit der notwendigen Schnelligkeit voran. Die Gründe sind vielfältig – von Trägheit in den Unternehmen über Rechtsunsicherheiten bis zu einem Regulierungsrahmen, der insbesondere kleinere Unternehmen und Start-ups belastet. Problematisch ist, dass im KI-Sektor nach wie vor große Abhängigkeiten von wenigen US-Unternehmen bestehen. Die Monopolkommission spricht sich daher für eine konsequente Durchsetzung des Wettbewerbsrechts und des europäischen Digital Markets Acts aus. Zudem sollte die Regulierung von KI verschlankt und Doppelregulierung vermieden werden.

Am Donnerstag nahm das Parlament Änderungen an einer Ausnahmeregelung zum Datenschutz an, die es Diensteanbietern ermöglicht, Fälle von sexuellem Kindesmissbrauch freiwillig aufzudecken.
Ausschuss für bürgerliche Freiheiten, Justiz und Inneres

Quelle : © Europäische Union, 2026 - EP

Am Donnerstag stimmte das Plenum für die Aufnahme von Verhandlungen mit dem Ministerrat zur Einführung des digitalen Euro.
Ausschuss für Wirtschaft und Währung

Quelle : © Europäische Union, 2026 - EP

On Thursday, Parliament adopted three resolutions on the human rights situations in Sudan, Nigeria and Pakistan.
Subcommittee on Human Rights

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

On Thursday, the European Parliament adopted a motion for a resolution on the recently-published joint communication on humanitarian aid.
Committee on Development

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Thursday 9 July

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Thursday 9 July

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

Quels sont les plus grands matchs de l’histoire des équipes africaines en Coupe du monde ? De l’exploit de l’Algérie face à l’Allemagne en 1982 à l’épopée du Cap-Vert en 2026, BBC Afrique revient sur dix rencontres qui ont marqué l’histoire du football africain sur la scène mondiale.

La vie de Peter Komolafe a connu une série de rebondissements spectaculaires qui l'ont mené de la rue à la position de conseiller financier très respecté.

Am Mittwoch gaben die Abgeordneten grünes Licht für zwei Abkommen, die den Weg für engere politische Beziehungen und erweiterten Handel zwischen der EU und Mexiko ebnen.
Ausschuss für auswärtige Angelegenheiten
Ausschuss für internationalen Handel

Quelle : © Europäische Union, 2026 - EP