Written by Gabija Leclerc.
A sharp deterioration in the population’s health, as well as in healthcare systems, is often the consequence of armed conflicts, natural hazards or human-made disasters, of which there have been many in recent times. The European Union (EU), a significant global humanitarian player, views health as an essential part of its assistance.
BackgroundMore frequent and severe natural hazards, amplified by climate change and environmental degradation, as well as human-made emergencies, such as industrial accidents or armed conflicts, or often a combination of multiple factors, can lead to humanitarian crises. These crises are marked by a decline in population health and compromised functioning of and access to health services. On one hand, emergencies directly affect healthcare facilities and the population by inflicting physical damage to infrastructure and the workforce, as well as inducing traumas and injuries. On the other hand, indirect effects, such as the risk of epidemic outbreaks (over 70 % of epidemics occur in conflict-affected, environmentally and economically vulnerable areas), food insecurity, economic fragility, interrupted treatment of patients with chronic diseases, displacement and gender-based violence, can overwhelm already strained health services and increase healthcare demand. In such cases, the most vulnerable groups, especially women and children, are often the most affected. External assistance is often crucial in preventing catastrophic health consequences.
EU humanitarian health assistanceHealth, as a core component of humanitarian assistance, is central to EU humanitarian action. This action guided by international humanitarian principles and the European consensus on humanitarian aid. The European Commission’s humanitarian health guidelines govern EU funding for health-related humanitarian assistance. The main aim of EU health assistance in emergencies, as outlined in the 2022 EU global health strategy, is to limit excess preventable mortality, permanent disability, and disease associated with humanitarian crises. The EU considers health the primary indicator for evaluating humanitarian response.
Humanitarian assistance is a shared competence of the EU and the Member States, as set out in Article 4(4) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. This means that the EU and the Member States can act in a complementary and mutually reinforcing way. At the EU level, health assistance is primarily coordinated by the Commission’s Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (DG ECHO). With a view to updating its health policy, in 2023, DG ECHO contracted an external evaluator to carry out a consultation with stakeholders, and support the drafting of the policy update based on the feedback received.
The EU provides high-quality humanitarian health assistance to the most vulnerable by building on and in harmony with pre-existing local facilities, programmes and systems to the greatest extent possible. It focuses on immediate needs during and after crises, including through emergency medical assistance, sexual and reproductive health care, and mental health and psychosocial support. Emphasising a ‘health in all policies’ cross-sectoral approach, the EU supports water and sanitation, nutrition, protection and disability inclusion, among other areas. It also adopts an integrated approach by linking humanitarian health aid with development cooperation (humanitarian-development-peace nexus) to ensure long-term resilience. This encompasses epidemic prevention, preparedness and response, strengthening of primary health care, and addressing the root causes of health crises such as poverty, conflict, and weak governance.
EU toolsThe EU employs both financial resources and operational capabilities to provide support for health in situations of emergency. In 2023, €334 million, or 13.8 % of the EU’s total humanitarian funding for that year, was allocated to health (in comparison, the United States dedicated more than €532 million, or around 5.8 % of its total humanitarian funding, to health). The majority of this funding was directed towards Syria, Yemen, Ukraine, Sudan and Afghanistan, to assist the efforts of recognised humanitarian and health players such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Red Cross and Red Crescent societies. A part of this funding is channelled through the Epidemics Tool (for emergencies caused by infectious disease outbreaks), the Small-Scale Tool (for localised disasters) under the Emergency Toolbox, and the Disaster Response Emergency Fund. This enables the EU to provide swift support to its humanitarian partners on the ground in response to outbreaks, and to mitigate the impact of disasters on health.
To strengthen operational support, in February 2016 the Commission launched the European Medical Corps (EMC). Coordinated by the EU’s Emergency Response Coordination Centre under the EU Civil Protection Mechanism (EUCPM), the EMC allows for the rapid deployment of medical assistance and public health expertise from all Member States and participating countries during a health emergency within the EU and beyond. Since 2020, the EU has bolstered its readiness, including strengthening its reserve of capacities through rescEU. This reserveoffers services such as (i) aerial medical evacuations (MedEvac); (ii) emergency medical teams (EMTs) that provide direct medical care; and (iii) access to a stockpiling reserve of medical products. Additionally, the European Humanitarian Response Capacity (EHRC) provides support through humanitarian air bridges, stockpiles of health-related supplies, including personal protective equipment and first aid kits, common warehousing services (e.g. for temperature-sensitive health items) and health expertise. DG ECHO and the European Centre for Disease Control (ECDC) collaborate in deploying experts from the ECDC EU Health Task Force (EUTF), who are also available to support UN or international health efforts. Together with the Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority, they also coordinate support for threat detection, health emergency preparedness and the response in the area of medical countermeasures. Furthermore, the EU backs the WHO health emergencies programme, assisting in standards development and classification processes for globally deployable EMTs and coordinating with the WHO to support its own EMTs. Furthermore, the EU supports disaster management capacity-building in regional organisations such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. At international fora, in line with 2021 Commission communication on humanitarian action, the EU is a vocal advocate for respecting UN Security Council Resolution 2286 on health care in armed conflict, which includes the protection of humanitarian and healthcare workers.
Example: EU humanitarian health assistance in UkraineDespite the resilience of Ukraine’s healthcare system during Russia’s invasion, certain regions, the vulnerable, displaced, and those with chronic illnesses have been disproportionately affected. The EU has therefore provided political, financial and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine’s healthcare system, as well as support to those who had to flee the country. It has sent its rescEU stockpiles, including power generators (crucial for the functioning of healthcare facilities) and medical supplies. Since March 2022, a ‘MedEvac’ capability has been in use. In September 2022, the EU set up a centre in Rzeszów, Poland, to provide medical care to Ukrainians before their transfer to hospitals in other Member States. In June 2023, the Commission and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine signed a cooperation arrangement, which, inter alia, covers mental health and psychosocial support in Ukraine and for those displaced to the EU; healthcare for those displaced from Ukraine; patient repatriation after MedEvac; and continued EU4Health funding.
Example: EU humanitarian health assistance in the Gaza StripIsrael’s attack following Hamas terrorist acts of 7 October 2023 resulted in the implosion of the healthcare system in the Gaza Strip. War-induced traumas, displacement, malnutrition, lack of hygiene and economic vulnerability have massively increased demand for health services. In this context, the EU has increased its humanitarian funding, including for health. This funding is channelled through humanitarian partners such as the UN agencies, most notably its Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA, recently banned from Israel), the IRCC and non-governmental organisations. In 2024, the EU allocated €32.5 million in humanitarian funding to health-related issues in Gaza. The EU also supports the WHO’s Gaza EMT coordination cell in Cairo, Egypt, with 22 experts deployed from the EU and the UCPM countries. Under the EHRC, EUHTF experts have been deployed to Amman, Jordan, to support UNRWA, and 60 humanitarian air bridge operations have transported essentials, including medical items to Gaza. Following the activation of the UCPM by the WHO, the EU supports the coordination of the medical evacuations, with assistance offered by Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Romania, Slovakia and Spain.
Read this ‘At a glance’ note on ‘Health in emergencies: EU contribution to humanitarian health initiatives worldwide‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.
Az Apple legutóbb kiadott biztonsági frissítéseinek köszönhetően védhetjük meg iPhone, iPad, Mac és egyéb Apple eszközeinket súlyos fenyegetésektől. A vállalat szakemberei ugyanis több, aktívan kihasznált sebezhetőséget azonosítottak rendszereikben, amelyeket támadók kihasználhattak volna személyes adataink eltulajdonítására vagy eszközeink átvételére.
A most kiadott frissítések az iOS 18.1.1, iPadOS 18.1.1, iOS 17.7.2, iPadOS 17.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.1.1, visionOS 2.1.1 és Safari 18.1.1 rendszereket érintik, és számos, az Apple által gyártott eszközön elérhetőek. A frissítések telepítésével javíthatjuk az eszközök biztonságát, és megóvhatjuk magunkat a lehetséges támadásoktól.
Fontos, hogy a lehető leghamarabb telepítsük a frissítéseket, hiszen a sebezhetőségeket kihasználó támadók folyamatosan keresik az újabb lehetőségeket. Az Apple által kiadott részletes útmutató segítségével egyszerűen elvégezhetjük a frissítést.
Érintett eszközök: iPhone XS és újabb modellek, iPad Pro (3. generációtól), iPad Pro 12.9, iPad Pro 11 (1. generációtól), iPad Air (3. generációtól), iPad (7. generációtól), iPad mini (5. generációtól), valamint számos más Apple eszköz.
The post Sürgős frissítés! Apple eszközöd veszélyben lehet! appeared first on Biztonságpiac.
Une cellule terroriste affiliée à "Daech" au Sahel vient d'être démantelée dans le cadre des opérations sécuritaires conjointes entre le Maroc et l'Espagne. Neuf présumés terroristes ont été interpellés avec des armes et autres matériels.
Le Bureau Central d'Investigations Judiciaires (BCIJ) relevant de la Direction Générale de la Surveillance du Territoire (DGST) du Maroc et le Commissariat général des renseignements de la Police espagnole ont procédé, vendredi, au démantèlement d'une cellule terroriste affiliée à l'organisation "Daech" au Sahel. Il s'agit d'un réseau de 9 membres, dont 3 s'activaient à Tétouan et F'nideq et 6 autres à Madrid, Ibiza et Sebta.
Les perquisitions menées aux domiciles des mis en cause ont permis de saisir des armes blanches et du matériel informatique.
Les enquêtes préliminaires montrent que les personnes appréhendées sont des anciens détenus dans des affaires de terrorisme en Espagne. Ces divorcés sociaux étaient imprégnés de la pensée de "Daech" et tenaient des réunions à Sebta et Tétouan, dans le cadre de la planification et la coordination visant à commettre des actes terroristes au nom de "Daech", avant de rejoindre les rangs de la branche de cette organisation terroriste dans la région subsaharienne du Sahel.
Après leur arrestation, ils ont été placés en garde à vue sous la supervision du parquet compétent chargé des affaires de terrorisme et d'extrémisme, en attendant d'approfondir les enquêtes sur leur degré d'implication dans les projets terroristes de cette cellule.
Cette opération sécuritaire conjointe Maroc-Espagne est menée dans le cadre de la coordination sécuritaire continue et distinguée en vue de faire face aux menaces terroristes qui pèsent sur la sécurité des deux pays.
Alors que le référendum sur la construction d'une seconde centrale nucléaire en Slovénie, prévu le 24 novembre, a été annulé, de nombreuses questions restent en suspens sur l'approvisionnement énergétique du pays. Mais aussi sur les coûts financiers immenses et l'impact environnemental potentiellement désastreux du nucléaire.
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